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1.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2023. 81 p. graf, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437408

ABSTRACT

Com base nas perturbações fosfoproteômicas de moléculas associadas ao ciclo celular em células infectadas pelo coronavírus causador da síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARSCoV)-2, a hipótese de inibidores do ciclo celular como uma terapia potencial para a doença de coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19) foi proposta. No entanto, o cenário das alterações do ciclo celular em COVID-19 permanece inexplorado. Aqui, realizamos uma análise integrativa de sistemas imunológicos de proteoma publicamente disponível (espectrometria de massa) e dados de transcriptoma (sequenciamento de RNA em massa e de célula única [scRNAseq]), com o objetivo de caracterizar mudanças globais na assinatura do ciclo celular de pacientes com COVID-19. Além de módulos de co-expressão de genes significativos enriquecidos associados ao ciclo celular, encontramos uma rede interconectada de proteínas diferencialmente expressas associadas ao ciclo celular (DEPs) e genes (DEGs) integrando dados moleculares de 1.480 indivíduos (974 pacientes infectados por SARS-CoV-2 e 506 controles [controles saudáveis ou indivíduos com outras doenças respiratórias]). Entre esses DEPs e DEGs estão várias ciclinas (CCNs), ciclo de divisão celular (CDCs), quinases dependentes de ciclinas (CDKs) e proteínas de manutenção de minicromossomos (MCMs). Embora os pacientes com COVID-19 compartilhem parcialmente o padrão de expressão de algumas moléculas associadas ao ciclo celular com outras doenças respiratórias, eles exibiram uma expressão significativamente maior de moléculas associadas ao ciclo celular relacionadas à gravidade da doença. Notavelmente, a assinatura do ciclo celular predominou nos leucócitos do sangue dos pacientes, mas não nas vias aéreas superiores. Os dados de scRNAseq de 229 indivíduos (159 pacientes com COVID- 19 e 70 controles) revelaram que as alterações das assinaturas do ciclo celular predominam nas células B, T e NK. Esses resultados fornecem uma compreensão global única das alterações nas moléculas associadas ao ciclo celular em pacientes com COVID-19, sugerindo novas vias putativas para intervenção terapêutica


Based on phosphoproteomics perturbations of cell cycle-associated molecules in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2-infected cells, the hypothesis of cell cycle inhibitors as a potential therapy for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been proposed. However, the landscape of cell cycle alterations in COVID-19 remains mostly unexplored. Here, we performed an integrative systems immunology analysis of publicly available proteome (mass spectrometry) and transcriptome data (bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing [scRNAseq]), aiming to characterize global changes in the cell cycle signature of COVID-19 patients. Beyond significant enriched cell cycle-associated gene co-expression modules, we found an interconnected network of cell cycle-associated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and genes (DEGs) by integrating molecular data of 1,480 individuals (974 SARS-CoV- 2 infected patients and 506 controls [either healthy controls or individuals with other respiratory illness]). Among these DEPs and DEGs are several cyclins (CCNs), cell division cycle (CDCs), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs). Although COVID-19 patients partially shared the expression pattern of some cell cycleassociated molecules with other respiratory illnesses, they exhibited a significantly higher expression of cell cycle-associated molecules associated with disease severity. Notably, the cell cycle signature predominated in the patients blood leukocytes but not in the upper airways. The scRNAseq data from 229 individuals (159 COVID-19 patients and 70 controls) revealed that the alterations of cell cycle signatures predominate in B, T, and NK cells. These results provide a unique global comprehension of the alterations in cell cycle-associated molecules in COVID-19 patients, suggesting new putative pathways for therapeutic intervention


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Patients/classification , Cell Cycle/immunology , COVID-19/pathology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/pathology , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Killer Cells, Natural/classification , Chromosomes/metabolism , Sequence Analysis, RNA/instrumentation , Coronavirus/pathogenicity , Proteome/analysis , Transcriptome/immunology
2.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2020. 83 p. graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1292114

ABSTRACT

Entender os mecanismos responsáveis pela proteção induzida por vacinas contribui para o desenvolvimento de novas vacinas. Uma abordagem de pesquisa denominada Vacinologia de Sistemas surgiu para endereçar essa tarefa. A aplicação da Vacinologia de Sistemas gerou informações amplas relacionadas a respostas vacinais e foi aplicada no estudo de diversas vacinas. Apesar de estarem envolvidos em diversos processos imunológicos, RNAs Não-Codificadores Longos (lncRNAs) ainda não foram estudados no contexto da imunidade induzida por vacinas. Neste trabalho, fizemos a análise de mais de 2.000 amostras de transcritoma de sangue periférico, oriundas de 17 diferentes coortes vacinadas, com foco na identificação de lncRNAs potencialmente envolvidos com a resposta induzida por vacinas contra gripe e contra febre amarela. Criamos também um banco de dados online, em que todos os nossos resultados podem ser facilmente acessados. Nossos resultados indicaram que diversos lncRNAs participam de múltiplas vias imunológicas relacionadas a respostas induzidas por vacinas. Entre esses, o transcrito FAM30A se destaca por ter alta expressão em células B e ser correlacionado com a expressão de genes de imunoglobulina localizados no mesmo locus genômico. Identificamos também alterações na expressão de lncRNAs em dados de RNA-seq de uma coorte de crianças imunizadas com uma vacina atenuada contra gripe, o que sugere um papel de lncRNAs na resposta a diferentes vacinas. Nossos achados trazem evidências de que lncRNAs tem um papel significativo na resposta imune induzida por vacinas


Understanding the mechanisms of vaccine-elicited protection contributes to the development of new vaccines. The emerging field of Systems Vaccinology provides detailed information on host responses to vaccination and has been successfully applied in the study of the molecular mechanisms of several vaccines. Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucially involved in multiple biological processes, but their role in vaccine-induced immunity has not been explored. We performed an analysis of over 2,000 blood transcriptome samples from 17 vaccine cohorts to identify lncRNAs potentially involved with antibody responses to influenza and yellow fever vaccines. We have created an online database where all results from these analyses can be easily accessed. We found that lncRNAs participate in distinct immunological pathways related to vaccine-elicited responses. Among them, we showed that the expression of lncRNA FAM30A was high in B cells and correlates with the expression of immunoglobulin genes located in its genomic vicinity. We also identified altered expression of lncRNAs in RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data from a cohort of children vaccinated with intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine, suggesting a common role across several diverse vaccines. Taken together, these findings provide evidence that lncRNAs have a significant impact on immune responses induced by vaccination


Subject(s)
Vaccination/adverse effects , Systems Biology/methods , RNA, Long Noncoding , Research/instrumentation , Vaccines , Influenza, Human/diagnosis , Transcriptome/immunology
3.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 2014 Mar; 52(3): 267-280
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-150357

ABSTRACT

The monogenean ectoparasite, Dactylogyrus sp. is a major pathogen in freshwater aquaculture. The immune responses in parasitized fish were analyzed by quantitation of innate immune factors (natural agglutinin level, haemolysin titre, antiprotease, lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activities) in serum and immune-relevant gene expression in gill and anterior kidney. The antiprotease activity and natural agglutinin level were found to be significantly higher and lysozyme activity was significantly lower in parasitized fish. Most of the genes viz., β2-microglobulin (β2M), major histocompatibility complex I (MHCI), MHCII, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and toll-like receptor 22 (TLR22) in gill samples were significantly down-regulated in the experimental group. In the anterior kidney, the expression of superoxide dismutase and interleukin 1β (IL1β) were significantly up-regulated whereas a significant down regulation of MHCII and TNFα was also observed. The down-regulation of most of the genes viz, MHCI, β2M, MHCII, TLR22 and TNFα in infected gills indicated a well evolved mechanism in this parasite to escape the host immune response. The modulation of innate and adaptive immunity by this parasite can be further explored to understand host susceptibility.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cyprinidae/genetics , Cyprinidae/immunology , Cyprinidae/parasitology , Down-Regulation , Ectoparasitic Infestations/immunology , Ectoparasitic Infestations/parasitology , Freshwater Biology , Immunity, Innate/genetics , Transcriptome/immunology
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